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eBay criticised as hacks continue

Written By Unknown on Senin, 22 September 2014 | 09.10

22 September 2014 Last updated at 14:58 By Dave Lee and Leo Kelion BBC News

Leading security researchers have called on eBay to take immediate action over dangerous listings, as the problem continues to put users at risk.

The BBC has now identified more than 100 listings that had been exploited to trick customers into handing over personal data.

Over the weekend, readers got in touch with the BBC, saying they had attempted to warn eBay about the problem.

The company said it would "continue to review all site features and content".

The BBC has found that:

  • Innocent user accounts were hijacked in order to place the fake listings. Many of the accounts had 100% positive feedback, and had sold hundreds of items.
  • One victim who had his account hijacked told the BBC he was locked out of his account - and later billed "around £35" by eBay to cover seller's fees for items he had not auctioned.
  • When customers clicked on a listing that had been compromised, they were brought to a sophisticated, official-looking site that asked victims to log in and share bank account details.
  • The types of items used to target victims ranged from smartphones and televisions to hot tubs and clothing.

The vulnerability centres around users' ability to place custom Javascript and Flash content into their listings pages.

Often sellers will use this method to make their pages look more exciting, with animations or other eye-catching techniques.

But use of Javascript and Flash, eBay acknowledged, significantly raised the likelihood that malicious code could be included within the site's pages - due to a hacking technique known as cross-site scripting (XSS).

It meant users clicking on eBay listings that appeared legitimate were being automatically re-directed to harmful websites designed to steal user information, including credit card details.

"The summary is that it is exceptionally dodgy and redirecting the user to a nasty web page with some really suspect scripts," said James Lyne from the security firm Sophos.

"At present we can't get our hands on the end payload, so can't be sure of the attackers complete motive, but it is clear there are still nasty malicious redirects on the eBay site."

The problem has affected the site since at least February, the BBC has confirmed - although some experts say it has been an issue for more than a year.

In a statement, eBay said: "Many of our sellers use active content like Javascript and Flash to make their eBay listings perform better.

"We have no current plans to remove active content from eBay. However, we will continue to review all site features and content in the context of the benefit they bring our customers as well as overall site security."

'Not OK'

The stance has had security professionals queuing up to criticise the site's security practice.

"It's not OK for eBay to have cross-site scripting vulnerabilities on its website," said Mikko Hypponen, from security firm F-Secure.

"If they can't make it work without the risk of exposing users to cross-site scripting, they shouldn't allow it."

Security researcher Brian Honan called for eBay to disable the active content until it could reassure customers.

"Obviously having Javascript and Flash and all that wonderful stuff is great for the seller," he told the BBC.

"But it exposes eBay and its customers to security risks. Until eBay has the ability to automatically identify malicious links, it should disable Javascript until they have some way of better controlling the risk.

"The needs of the many outweigh the needs of the few."

Dr Steven Murdoch, from University College London's Information Security Research Group, added: "Sellers do use active content, but I expect a very large proportion of needs could be fulfilled with some eBay-provided Javascript which has been carefully checked for safety by eBay."

'Congratulations!'

The BBC got in touch with one user whose account had been used to post malicious listings using the XSS vulnerability.

Russell Dearlove, from York, told the BBC his account had been "acting strangely". He was temporarily locked out of his account, and listings had been posted by an unknown person.

"I kept getting messages flashing up on my email saying, 'Congratulations you've sold your iPad'. I didn't have an iPad to sell!

"I emailed eBay to say there's something not quite right here. I got no response but they have sent me a statement saying I owed about £35.

"They basically sent me a statement saying, 'This is what you owe for your selling fees.'"

The range of products listed by the scammers has ranged from gadgets and televisions to garden furniture and Adidas clothing.

In response to Mr Dearlove's issue, eBay said: "Account takeovers generally occur as a result of a user disclosing their IDs or password.

"Unfortunately, it is a common practice of criminals to exploit well-known, trusted brand names like eBay to attract consumers and then lure them to a fake website or into other fraudulent situations."

Customer complaints

Since the BBC posted its first story on the issue last week, more than a dozen users have come forward expressing concern about the site's security and process for dealing with customer complaints.

Many provided chat transcripts with eBay support staff. In one, a user was told to "clear the cache and the cookies" when reporting a malicious link. It later said the issue was being escalated to support staff.

Joss Wright, a security expert from the Oxford Internet Institute, said in light of the examples, eBay needed to have a serious review of its practices in order to maintain trust.

But he said the site faces difficulty in making sure it remains easy for its customers to use while maintaining a high level of security.

"It's going to be very hard for eBay to secure that without severely hampering their user experience," he said.

"But I think they need to move their balance a lot further towards security than they currently are."

Have you noticed suspicious behaviour on your eBay account? Or have you received bogus eBay messages which try to extract payment details from you? You can share your experiences by emailing haveyoursay@bbc.co.uk Please provide your contact details if you are happy to speak to a BBC journalist.

Follow Dave Lee on Twitter @DaveLeeBBC


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Delays to Chinese launch of Xbox One

22 September 2014 Last updated at 11:22

Microsoft has cancelled this month's Chinese launch of the Xbox One, two days before it was due to take place.

The console was due to be formally launched and go on sale in China on 23 September.

So far, Microsoft has not given any reason for the cancellation or given a date for when the launch will go ahead.

Microsoft, Sony and Nintendo are gearing up to enter the Chinese market after a 14-year ban on foreign consoles was lifted in January.

Launch codes

"Despite strong and steady progress, we are going to need a bit more time to deliver the best experiences possible for our fans in China," said Microsoft in a statement given to games industry news site CVG. It said the launch would take place before the end of 2014.

People who pre-ordered the console and were expecting to receive it this week would get an "added bonus" said Microsoft's general manager in China Enwei Xie.

When it goes on sale the console is expected to cost 3,699 yuan (£370, $600) without the Kinect motion detector, and 4,299 yuan with it. Launch titles were expected to include Forza Motorsport 5, Zoo Tycoon and Max: The Curse of Brotherhood.

The delay comes as Microsoft is being investigated by Chinese authorities who have accused it of violating its anti-trust laws.

The delay might mean that Sony is the first to launch a console in the country though it too has yet to name a launch date for its PlayStation 4.

When China lifted its ban, it said anyone wishing to sell consoles in the country had to team up with a local manufacturer to make the gadgets locally. Microsoft signed up with BesTV, and Sony struck a deal with Shanghai Oriental Pearl.


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Oracle boss Larry Ellison steps down

19 September 2014 Last updated at 00:14

Oracle boss Larry Ellison is stepping aside as chief executive after 37 years at the helm of the software giant.

Mr Ellison, estimated to be the world's fifth wealthiest man, becomes chairman and chief technology officer, remaining an influential presence at the company.

Mark Hurd and Safra Catz have been named as successors, and become co-chief executives.

Mr Ellison, 70, co-founded what would become Oracle with Bob Miner and Ed Oates in 1977.

In a statement, Oracle board president Michael Boskin said: "Larry has made it very clear that he wants to keep working full time and focus his energy on product engineering, technology development and strategy.

"Safra and Mark are exceptional executives who have repeatedly demonstrated their ability to lead, manage and grow the company. The directors are thrilled that the best senior executive team in the industry will continue to move the company forward into a bright future."

Ms Catz will run the manufacturing, legal and finance operations at Oracle, while Mr Hurd will be in charge of the sales, service and business units.

The software and hardware engineering teams will continue to report to Mr Ellison.

Fortune

"The three of us have been working well together for the last several years, and we plan to continue working together for the foreseeable future," said Mr Ellison.

The shake-up comes at a critical time for Oracle, which is trying to adapt to technological upheaval in the business software market.

Many corporate customers are shifting to cloud computing instead of paying licensing fees to install programs on machines kept in their own offices.

FBR Capital Markets analyst Daniel Ives said: "While there was some speculation Larry could step down, the timing is a bit of a head scratcher in our opinion."

Forbes magazine has put Mr Ellison's fortune at $51.3bn, with much of it tied up in Oracle, where he owns about 25% of the company. He co-founded the firm with $1,200 of his own money.

A close friend of the late Apple co-founder Steve Jobs, Mr Ellison antics away from Oracle kept him in the news. This included his personal financing of the winning team in last year's dramatic America's Cup yacht race in San Francisco.


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Google and Apple encrypt by default

19 September 2014 Last updated at 12:55 By Joe Miller Technology Reporter

Google has announced that its next mobile operating system, Android L, will encrypt users' data by default.

The measure will make it more difficult for private information to be hacked or handed to law enforcement agencies.

On Thursday, Apple said that devices running its new iOS8 software would be encrypted by default, with even the company itself unable to gain access.

Both firms have offered encryption for some time, but many users were unaware of its existence or had not enabled it.

Earlier this week, Apple's boss Tim Cook posted an online message assuring users the company's philosophy was that a "great customer experience shouldn't come at the expense of your privacy".

Swipe

As well as announcing default encryption for all devices running the new iOS8 software, Mr Cook took a thinly veiled swipe at Google, saying that Apple would not use its customers' information to sell things to them.

"We don't 'monetise' the information you store on your iPhone or in iCloud," he wrote, "and we don't read your email or your messages to get information to market to you."

He added that although Apple does have an advertising business, called iAd, the function can be disabled by users.

Shortly after, Google announced its stance on privacy, also embracing default encryption. A spokesman said: "For over three years, Android has offered encryption, and keys are not stored off of the device, so they cannot be shared with law enforcement.

"As part of our next Android release, encryption will be enabled by default out of the box, so you won't even have to think about turning it on."

Both Apple and Google follow in the footsteps of the now somewhat beleaguered Blackberry, which has encrypted data by default for some time.

The firms' focus on privacy comes after nude photos of celebrities were leaked online earlier this month.

The breach, which affected actress Jennifer Lawrence, among others, was linked by some security experts to vulnerabilities in Apple's iCloud storage service.

Law enforcement

The introduction of default encryption also protects US firms from having to hand over data to law enforcement agencies.

As the companies themselves do not have access to users' passwords, which unlock the encryption, they are not actually in possession of the data concerned.

Several of the largest US tech firms have been fighting government requests for their users' private data, including Microsoft, Google, Twitter, Facebook and Dropbox.

David Emm, a senior researcher at security firm Kaspersky Lab, told the BBC that automatic encryption was "probably more about privacy than about protection".

"Customers will find some reassurance in the fact that their data can't routinely fall into third-party hands," he said.

However he added that the measure only "applies to stuff on a [Apple or Android] device, but not necessarily to stuff you put in the cloud, which could still be accessible to law enforcement agencies".


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eBay flaw has existed for months

19 September 2014 Last updated at 15:38 By Dave Lee Technology reporter, BBC News

A flaw that has exposed eBay customers to malicious websites has been affecting the site since at least February, the BBC has found.

Earlier this week it was revealed how clicking on some listings automatically redirected users to the harmful sites.

EBay removed several posts, but said it was an isolated incident.

But the BBC has since found multiple listings, from multiple users, exploiting the same vulnerability.

Furthermore, several readers contacted the BBC detailing complaints they had made to the site.

In a statement, eBay said it had a dedicated team working on security, but that criminals "intentionally adapt their code and tactics to try to stay ahead of the most sophisticated security systems".

'Big problem'

A transcript from February this year showed user Paul Castle explaining the issue, in detail, to eBay support staff.

"I was just browsing in Digital Cameras and came across a password-harvesting scam," wrote Mr Castle during the online chat with eBay support staff.

Clicking on the listing link, Mr Castle explained, "transfers immediately to a password harvest scam page".

"This is potentially a big security problem for eBay users," he said, adding: "There could be hundreds."

EBay staff told Mr Castle that the problem had been escalated to "higher authorities".

Other users got in touch with the BBC to outline how they too had found listings that, when clicked on, behaved in the same way.

'Abusive ways'

EBay's search function allows users to find only completed auctions that are no more than 15 days old.

However, a brief search by the BBC uncovered 64 listings from the past 15 days that posed a danger to users.

In each case, it appears cross-site scripting (XSS) has been used to hijack the user's browsing - placed in the listings page using Javascript.

In a statement on Friday, a spokeswoman for eBay said: "This is not a new type of vulnerability on sites such as eBay.

"This is related to the fact that we allow sellers to use active content like Javascript and Flash on our site.

"Many of our sellers use active content like Javascript and Flash to make their eBay listings more attractive. However, we are aware that active content may also be used in abusive ways."

She added: "Cross-site scripting is not allowed on eBay and we have a range of security features designed to detect and then remove listings containing malicious code."

'A bad thing'

Ebay has been criticised by security experts for not responding to the vulnerability quickly enough.

While some listings were removed after being reported, the underlying issue has yet to be fixed.

Ilia Kolochenko, XSS expert and chief executive of security firm High-Tech Bridge, said it was difficult for "large complicated sites to be completely free of XSS vulnerabilities".

But he said that once a particular XSS exploit was being used for malicious purposes - as demonstrated by the redirects to harmful websites - companies must act quickly to not just remove offending content, but to prevent the flaw being exploited again.

He said: "If someone has reported an issue to eBay, and the vulnerability was not fixed promptly, this is a bad thing."

Dr Steven Murdoch, from University College London's Information Security Research Group, agreed.

He told the BBC: "EBay should as a matter of priority have looked for all the other links which exploited the same vulnerability and removed these too, as well as closing off the vulnerability from future attackers.

"It's clear they need to be more careful about what they allow - particularly when it comes to Javascript."

Follow Dave Lee on Twitter @DaveLeeBBC


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Minecraft role for British Museum

22 September 2014 Last updated at 02:18 By Joe Miller Technology Reporter

The British Museum in London - complete with all of its exhibits - is to be recreated in the video game Minecraft.

The project is part of the Museum of the Future scheme, which aims to expand the institution's appeal.

Many real-life organisations have been recreated in the Minecraft universe, including Ordnance Survey and the Danish government, who aim to make young people more aware of their work.

Last week, Minecraft was sold to Microsoft for $2.5bn (£1.5bn).

A spokeswoman for the museum emphasised that the project was still at "an early planning stage", and the "build" had not yet begun.

She added that the organisation was intending to recruit members of the public to help with the "construction".

The British Museum
  • The first national public museum in the world, founded in 1753
  • UK's most popular visitor attraction
  • Almost six million visitors a year and holds eight million objects
  • Its natural history collections were moved to a building in South Kensington in the 1880s which would become the Natural History Museum
  • Its instantly recognisable Great Court, designed by Lord Foster, is the largest covered public space in Europe

One British Museum employee posted details of the project on the social media site Reddit, asking for volunteers to get involved.

He received an enthusiastic response from Minecraft fans around the globe.

Initial stages

The first step of the process will involve digitally building the Great Court and facade of the building.

The institution hopes this stage will be ready in time for a public debate entitled Changing public dialogues with museum collections in the digital age, taking place on 16 October.

Ed Barton, who researches gaming for the analytics firm Ovum, told the BBC the British Museum's move to Minecraft would help it be "perceived as something fun", and would serve as an effective educational tool among a younger demographic.

"It's the digital equivalent of building the British Museum in Lego," he said. "You have to build it brick by brick".

He added that the institution was to be commended for crowdsourcing the project, "as it turns it into a collaborative thing" and could further engage young Minecraft enthusiasts.

"What a cool project it would be to be asked to build the Elgin Marbles in Minecraft," he said.


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Molten metal batteries for the grid

21 September 2014 Last updated at 18:50 By Jonathan Webb Science reporter, BBC News

Engineers in the US have invented a battery, made of three molten metals, which could help smooth the power supply from renewable energy sources.

Previous battery designs have largely been too expensive to help store energy on the scale of a national power grid.

The new liquid battery has a negative electrode made of lead, which is cheap and melts easily, mixed with a dash of antimony to boost performance.

This lowers its cost, as well as the heat required to liquefy the metals.

Published in the journal Nature, this latest attempt at a scalable solution for storing electricity is set for commercial demonstrations within a year and has been greeted with enthusiasm by engineers in the UK.

"Sometimes, when the wind is blowing strongly, we have spare capacity available - if only we could store it, so that we could use it when the wind isn't blowing," explained Prof Ian Fells, a fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering and former chair of the New and Renewable Energy Centre.

"Using these molten metal electrodes is, it seems to me, a very good idea," he told BBC News.

Hot source

The overall concept for the battery is relatively simple: inside a can there are three layers of very hot liquid, which separate of their own accord - "like oil and vinegar", according to the project's senior researcher Prof Donald Sadoway, of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

Dr Paul Burke

Please turn on JavaScript. Media requires JavaScript to play.

Inside the Sadoway Lab's liquid metal battery workshop

Continue reading the main story

"Start Quote

All of these strategies are scientifically possible - it comes down to the cost"

End Quote Prof Ian Fells Royal Academy of Engineering

On the bottom is the very dense mixture of lead and antimony; next comes a "molten salt electrolyte" - effectively table salt, which is liquid at these temperatures; and finally a layer of lithium floats on top.

When the cell is discharged, all the lithium is actually transferred to the bottom layer. But when electricity is directed into the cell, the lithium is pulled out of the alloy layer and returns to the top.

"It's this back and forth, of the top layer disappearing into the bottom layer to generate electricity, and then reconstituting the top layer by consuming electricity, that gives you the rechargeability of the battery," Prof Sadoway told the BBC.

The whole set-up has to be kept at some 450C, which is no small feat, but a vast improvement on the 700C required by an earlier design, whose electrodes were magnesium and pure antimony.

When Prof Sadoway's team tested out the cheaper lead-antimony mixture, they expected to be faced with a trade-off.

"We wanted to decrease the operating temperature," he explained, to improve efficiency. "We were thinking, we'll take a bit of a compromise on the voltage, if it's offset by an even better compromise on the melting point."

Continue reading the main story

Battery types for grid-scale storage

  • Redox flow: Rechargeable type of battery that uses two tanks of electrolytes to store energy. The electrolytes are then pumped through a reactor to generate energy
  • Lithium-ion: A type of rechargeable battery in which charged lithium atoms move from the positive electrode to the negative electrode when charging, and back when discharging
  • Sodium-ion: These work in a similar way to lithium-ion batteries, but promise lower costs because sodium is so much more abundant than lithium
  • Liquid metal: Consists of a dense positive liquid metal electrode at the bottom of the battery and a lighter liquid metal electrode floating on top. A molten salt electrolyte lies in-between

In fact, they saw almost no decrease in voltage, even with 82% lead in the mix. They knew they were onto a winner.

"That was the surprise," Prof Sadoway said.

His team later figured out that the reason behind their pleasant surprise was that the lithium, when it travels to the bottom layer as the battery gets used, seeks out antimony atoms to bond with. So the dilution with lead doesn't interfere with the electricity storage - it just makes the whole set-up much cooler and cheaper.

Field trials

Prof Sadoway said that key finding was "really, really exciting" because the commercial implications were obvious. Price is the main sticking point, for all the various battery systems that have been proposed (see box).

Prof Fells made the same point: "All of these strategies are scientifically possible - it comes down to the cost. If people can make the case that this one is economic, then it'll do well."

Dr Frank Marken, a physical chemist at the University of Bath, was also impressed by the design. "It's not revolutionary in the idea - but it may be revolutionary in terms of the application," he said.

The durability of the system was particularly of note, Dr Marken suggested.

"One tricky aspect of this is how much do you lose in each cycle? And what they've done here is very clever. It needs a higher temperature, but they don't lose much energy."

In fact, the team at MIT put their prototype through 450 full charge cycles - meaning the lithium layer entirely disappeared and then was reinstated, every time - and the battery lost just 15% of its capacity.

Several years ago, Prof Sadoway founded a company called Ambri to commercialise his team's research. That company now hopes to be deploying demonstration units "within a year", he said.

The first test sites will be at Cape Cod in Massachussetts and in Hawaii, which is a particularly promising market.

"They've got sun, they've got wind, but both of those are intermittent," Prof Sadoway said. "We'd like to get some field data from a place like that."

Follow Jonathan on Twitter


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More celeb 'naked pictures' leaked

21 September 2014 Last updated at 11:06

Kim Kardashian
Kim Kardashian told Newsbeat the first leak was a "wake up call"

More pictures and videos which seem to show celebrities naked have been posted online.

Kim Kardashian, Vanessa Hudgens and Mary-Kate Olsen are some of the stars who appear to have been targeted.

It's thought to be the second massive hacking-related leak in less than a month, but it's not clear yet where the pictures came from.

They were briefly posted on 4chan and Reddit before being removed, according to reports.

Newsbeat has contacted the websites but hasn't had a response yet.

Vanessa Hudgens
Vanessa Hudgens is on the latest list of apparent leaks

Actresses Leelee Sobieski and Kaley Cuoco, Avril Lavigne and US football star Hope Solo are others whose pictures now seem to be being spread on Twitter.

There's no word from any of them yet.

Kim Kardashian spoke to Newsbeat after the original iCloud hack at the start of September, saying: "'I think it's a big wake up call for people to make sure they have every privacy setting".

She added that people have to be "cautious" but claimed she didn't have an iCloud account on her phone.

Jennifer Lawrence holding her Oscar
Jennifer Lawrewnce has been involved in both leaks

The latest wave of pictures seems to include new images of Hayden Panettiere and Jennifer Lawrence. Both actresses were also targeted earlier this month.

At the time, Lawrence's agent told Newsbeat her team would be taking legal action.

The original list of mostly female stars affected also featured people like Rihanna, Kate Upton and Selena Gomez.

Wladimir Klitschko and Hayden Panettiere
Hayden Panettiere with husband Wladimir Klitschko

Some claimed those pictures were fake, but others confirmed it was them.

Reddit later shut down a forum called The Fappening, which became a destination for users wanting to see the pictures.

Apple called the first hack a "targeted attack" but denied its iCloud storage system had been compromised.

Avril Lavigne
Pictures which seem to be of Avril Lavigne are going around online

It suggested the celebrities had their accounts hacked by using easy-to-guess passwords or giving up personal data to cyber criminals posing as Apple.

Celebrity blogger Perez Hilton said sorry for re-posting the original pictures earlier this month.

The FBI is already investigating the earlier breach.

Follow @BBCNewsbeat on Twitter and Radio1Newsbeat on YouTube


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EE to take over 58 Phones 4U stores

22 September 2014 Last updated at 07:29

Mobile phone operator EE is to buy 58 stores from Phones 4U, which fell into administration last week.

EE said the deal, agreed with administrators PwC, would safeguard 359 jobs.

On Friday, Vodafone agreed to take over 140 of Phones 4U's outlets.

Phones 4U collapsed when it failed to reach deals with EE and Vodafone to sell their services. Last week, those two firms had to deny claims they were behind Phones 4U's demise.

As an independent retailer, Phones 4U relied on deals with EE and Vodafone to sell their services but both pulled out of negotiations to agree fresh contracts.

Phones 4U founder John Caudwell blamed the demise of the company on the "ruthless actions" of "predatory" mobile phone networks.

Mr Caudwell, who sold Phones 4U in 2006, told the BBC's Today programme last week that it was an "unprecedented assassination".

The mobile firms rejected his claim.

EE said its decision to end its relationship with Phones 4U was based on its strategy to focus on its own shops and cut out intermediaries, while Vodafone rejected an suggestion that it had acted inappropriately during contract negotiations.

Mr Caudwell also criticised the private equity firm BC that owned Phones 4U for loading the retailer with more than £200m in debt.

Thousands of jobs remain at risk at Phones 4U, which had operated more than 700 outlets and had almost 5,600 staff.

Administrators PwC confirmed last week that 628 employees at Phones 4U head office in Newcastle-under-Lyme are losing their jobs.

However, Dixons Carphone also said last week that it would hire the 800 people who work in Phones 4U concessions at its Currys and PC World stores.


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Access restored to US court records

22 September 2014 Last updated at 13:11

Court records from landmark US legal battles look set to be restored to a publicly accessible store of documents, reports the Washington Post.

Access to the records was cut off in August following an upgrade to the Public Access to Court Electronic Records (Pacer) system.

Included in the purge were records from many famous US civil rights cases.

The decision to cut off access was criticised widely by US politicians and open-data advocates.

On 10 August, the Pacer online archive announced the archaic "management systems" of five courts meant it could no longer provide access to the records they held.

Pacer acts as a coordinating hub for documents supporting ongoing and concluded legal action in many US courts.

In its announcement, it said upgrades to its central systems meant it was no longer able to work with many of documents kept in older formats.

The five courts cut off were:

  • US Court of Appeals for the 2nd Circuit (New York, Connecticut, Vermont)
  • US Court of Appeals for the 7th Circuit (Illinois, Indiana and Wisconsin)
  • US Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit (Georgia, Alabama, Florida)
  • US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (Washington DC)
  • US Bankruptcy Court for the Central District of California

US politicians appealed to the Administrative Office of the US Courts (AO), which oversees Pacer, to restore access.

Similar calls came from activists who campaign for greater public access to official documents.

The Internet Archive also offered to host the documents free of charge.

The controversy has led the AO to pledge to restore online access to documents held at the five courts.

In a statement given to the Washington Post, an AO spokesman said it would convert documents into the more easily accessible PDF format so it could work with them.

By the end of October, work on this project would be complete for all the appeal courts previously cut off, it said.

It gave no date for when similar work on the California bankruptcy court's documents would be finished, but said it was currently under way.


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